Porcelain is a ceramic material most commonly produced using a combination of kaolin, a clay mineral, and various other raw materials. These raw materials include bone ash, glass, quartz and ball clay. The mixture is shaped as desired and then heated in a kiln at extremely high temperatures causing it to vitrify. The vitrification of the ceramic item is what gives it its strength and durability. There are 3 main groups of porcelain: soft-paste, hard-paste and bone china.